Vegetable tanning vs. chrome tanning: Discover the difference and choose wisely.

Tanning is an essential process in the transformation of raw hides into leather, but many times, its complexity generates confusion, especially when it comes to distinguish between vegetable tanning and chrome tanning.

It is common that many people interested in our articles, when reading “vegetable tanning” in their description, associate this term with artificial or synthetic leathers, however, nothing could be further from the truth. Vegetable tanning refers to a natural process of treatment of animal skins, using tannins and other compounds extracted from plants, seeds and trees. This process has been used for centuries and is distinguished by its sustainable and environmentally friendly approach compared to chrome tanning using synthetic chemicals. While it is true that vegetable tanning uses more water than chrome tanning, its disposal is environmentally friendly, making it a more nature-friendly option.

In our commitment to offer products of the highest quality, we work with a Tuscan tannery, which dates back to 1950 and is recognized as one of the region's historic tanneries, in terms of the vegetable tanned hides we use. The vegetable tanning process, which has an ancient tradition, has reached its peak in Tuscany. For centuries, Tuscan tanners have passed on their artisanal know-how, combining ancient techniques with advanced technology to transform raw hides into leather, all in full respect of nature. At Mauska we are passionate advocates of vegetable tanned skins. These skins are not only exceptionally durable, but also age beautifully and give character to each piece. However, it is important to note that not all items can be made with this leather, its rigidity compared to chrome tanned leather may not be suitable for certain models, where greater flexibility and adaptability is required, which is why we also work with chrome tanned leathers. In the following picture you will see vegetable tanned leathers ready for drying; as you can see its color is a very natural sand color.

As far as chrome tanning is concerned, it is important to note that this process is the most common method of leather tanning; to give you an idea, in 2023 it accounted for about 90% of the world's leather production. Chrome tanning is a fast and relatively inexpensive tanning method and is used for everything from the most mediocre to the most expensive items, the difference lies in how the chrome tanning is carried out and, of course, in the quality of the hides. However, chromium is a metal that represents a significant environmental hazard. Although the type of chromium used in tanning is less hazardous, it can become toxic and carcinogenic when burned. It is essential that this chromium is not released into nature, as it can have a very negative impact on ecosystems. This is why in Europe there are very strict standards for tanneries, which must have closed systems to prevent any release into the environment. Currently the Leather Working Group (LWG), an organization that focuses on promoting responsible practices in the tanning process and throughout the leather supply chain, sets standards that factories must meet to ensure that their processes are as sustainable as possible. This includes assessing water, energy and chemical use, as well as labor conditions. By certifying factories that meet these standards, the LWG helps consumers identify leather products that are more environmentally and socially responsible. All of our chrome-tanned leathers are not only of high quality, but of course meet all of these requirements. In the photo below you will see chrome tanned leathers waiting to be dyed, as you will see they all have a very distinctive blue color.

Efficiency and cost.

One of the main reasons why chrome tanning remains the leather industry's preferred choice is its efficiency. The process allows a hide to be tanned, dyed and finished in a single day, whereas vegetable tanning can require weeks or even months. This time savings translates into lower costs for manufacturers, which in turn benefits the consumer.The vibrant colors that can be achieved with chrome tanning are another attraction. While dye options are limited in vegetable tanning, the use of chrome allows for a broader and more striking palette.

Advantages and disadvantages.

In terms of physical properties, chrome-tanned leather is more resistant to water, stains and heat. However, all is not perfect; over time, this type of leather tends to crack and become brittle. Although a protective wax or spray can be applied to prolong its life, it will never reach the durability of vegetable leather.On the other hand, vegetable leather offers unique advantages. As time passes, it becomes more supple, has a natural scent and uses biodegradable ingredients. It also ages beautifully, developing a unique patina over the years.

Conclusion.

There is no definitive answer as to which type of tanning is best; it all depends on individual preferences. For consumers looking for a more colorful option that offers stain and water resistance, chrome-tanned leather may be the ideal choice. In contrast, those who value sustainability and a more natural product that ages more beautifully may lean toward vegetable tanning.

At Mauska, we are committed to offering responsible and sustainable products, regardless of the tanning method used. We believe in the importance of informing our customers about the different processes involved in the creation of our items.

Thank you for your time and attention!

Mauska Team

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